・Voltage dividers, shown below, are circuits with series of resistors to divide high voltage into smaller voltage. Input voltage is divided in the ratio of the resistance.
・Precision resistors are required because the tolerance and TCR of the resistors directly influence the divided voltage.
| ・Application examples ： | Power supply, Reference voltage generator, Battery control (high voltage control of automotive) |
| ・Recommended products： |
URG series、 RG series、 RM series、 MRG series（anti-surge）、 LRG series（leaded） |
・Small signals are amplified by operational amplifier and precision resistors as shown below
・Input signal is so small that it requires low noise, precision resistors
・・In order to get precise amplification ratio, R1 / R2 it is important for both of these resistors to have closely related tolerance and TCR (relative tolerance and TCR)
| ・Application examples ： | Sensor module（automotive, IoT）,Test and measurement instrument, Medical electronics instrument. |
| ・Recommended products： |
URG series、 RG series 、RM series 、MRG series（anti-surge）、 LRG series（leaded） Relative tolerance and TCR of multiple resistors are specified inRM series(network resistors) only. |
・Strain gauge is a sensor that detect the amount of strain or pressure by change of resistance. Basic circuit is shown below.
・The change of resistance is calculated by measured voltage and resistance (formula (2))
R1（gauge）
An example of strain
gauge circuit
Initial
value
R1 = R2
if
R3 = R4
Vout = 0 V
When gauge is strained, R1 changes
R1 = R2 + ΔR
ΔR：change
Vout is given by (１）
Vout = Vin{R3/( R1+R3)-R4/(R2+R4)}—(1)
R1 = R2 + ΔR 、R3 = R4
Then, you get ΔR as shown below (２）
ΔR =Vout(R2+R4)²/{R4-Vout(R2 +R4)}—(2)
ΔR, amount of strain, is calculated by output voltage
・Application ：Strain gauge, Pressure sensor, Flow sensor including gas sensor for automobile, etc.
| ・Recommended products： |
URG series、 RG series、 RM series 、MRG series（anti-surge）、 LRG series（leaded） Relative tolerance and TCR of multiple resistors are specified in RM series(network resistors) only. |
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